Cycling is a sport discipline in which a bicycle is used to complete a course. The athlete propels it with his/her muscular power.
This sport is similar to athletics: in both, the maximum load is on the legs. Hence the similarity of the training process, its goal – to improve the endurance and efficiency of the body, strengthening the joints and muscles.
In achieving victory, not only the physical fitness of the cyclist, but also the characteristics of his “iron horse” plays a big role. They directly affect the position of the rider and, consequently, the setting of breathing, the quality of the work of internal organs and systems, as well as joints and muscles. The athlete’s posture depends on the height of the seat and handlebars, as well as the size of the pedals.
History of the appearance and development of the sport
The first bicycle appeared in 1817. It was a two-wheeled construction with a metal frame and seat. A year later, the device was patented by German Carl Dres. The machine had neither pedals nor gears. The rider rode it simply by pushing off the ground with his feet. The patent specified the name of the device – “scooter”.
The design of the bicycle was modified and modernized as much as 70 years. This was facilitated by improvements in the road surface used: new technologies for producing asphalt mixtures made the roads smooth and accessible for riding.
New models of bicycles sometimes looked ridiculous: devices with different wheel diameters, for example. But since 1885, the “iron horse” already has the familiar appearance and functionality. Since then, cycling began its development.
The first competitions of fans of bicycles were held in France. And since 1893 international tournaments have taken place. The International Cycling Union started its work in 1900.
It should be noted that until 1996, cycling was a male sport in the Olympic Games, but women appeared in the world championships earlier, since 1958.
The main organization that controls the sport is the International Cycling Union. It is based in Switzerland.
Cycling is also a type of outdoor activity.